True or False: “Letters” and “sounds” mean the same thing and are interchangeable.
Answer: False Letters are written symbols of spoken sounds. There are 26 letters in the alphabet but 44 phonemes (sounds) in the English language. Each sound can be represented by one or more letters. The “k” sound is heard in the words “kite”, “cap”, “Christmas”, “question” and “box”. The “sss” sound is heard in the words “sun”, “nice”, “psalm” and “scene” but not in the word “sure”. Digraphs are 2 letters that represent a single sound (like “sh”, “ch”, “th” and “wh”). In speech therapy, the focus would not be on the letter “ess”, but rather the production of the “sss” sound. This has important implications for blending since the first sound in “fish” is “fff” not “eff”. If you have concerns about your child’s speech and language development, call for a free consultation.
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Which of the following are examples of phonemic (sound) awareness skills?
1) Identifying the first sound in a word (e.g., “mmm” is the first sound in “map”) 2) Identifying the last sound in a word (e.g., “sss” is the last sound in “bus”) 3) Blending individual sounds into words (e.g., f – a – n -> “fan”) 4) Breaking words into individual sounds (e.g., “moon” -> m – oo - n) 5) Substituting one sound for another (e.g., changing “hhh” in “hat” to “mmm” -> “mat”) 6) Letter recognition Answer: #1-5 Phonemic awareness is the ability to recognize and manipulate sounds. It’s important to distinguish between sounds (spoken) and letters (written). The letter “s” makes the “sss” sound. Sometimes 2 letters make a single sound (e.g., “ch”, “th”). Both phonemic awareness and letter recognition are important skills for literacy development. Children with speech sound disorders are more likely to have difficulty learning to read and write. If you have concerns about your child’s speech and language development, call for a free phone consultation. Which of the following are examples of receptive language (understanding) versus expressive language?
Answer: 1-3 are examples of receptive language skills 4-6 are examples of expressive language skills Receptive language includes understanding words and concepts. Expressive language includes using gestures, signs or words to communicate ideas. Early on, children typically understand more than they can express. Sometimes children appear to understand words and instructions but they may be relying on other cues (e.g., pointing, doing what everyone else is doing) or following familiar routines. Children with language difficulties often need MANY more meaningful exposures to a word before they understand it and can use it expressively. Understanding language is important for participating in conversations and for success in school. If you have concerns about your child’s speech and language development, call for a free phone consultation. What skills will my child develop before they say their first words?
1. Joint attention 2. Gestures 3. Play skills 4. Imitation 5. Understanding words 6. Babbling 7. How to ride a bike Answer: 1-6 (and more!) Communication is much more than just using words and communication skills begin developing long before a child says their first word. Joint attention refers to two people sharing interest in the same object or activity. Gestures include actions like waving, pointing and nodding your head. Play skills and language development are closely related. Children learn about the world around them by exploring through play. Taking turns in play is good practice for learning to take turns in conversations. Children need to understand words before they can use them in a meaningful way. Children also need to learn to copy actions and sounds. When they babble, they are practicing using their voice and stringing sounds together. All of these are foundation skills for speech and language development. If you have concerns about your child’s speech and language development, call for a free phone consultation. Will my child be confused if I speak 2 languages at home?
Answer: #2 Bilingualism does NOT cause language delays. In fact, there are many benefits to learning more than one language. Your child may not become equally proficient in both languages but if your child has a true language delay, they will have difficulty in both languages. If you have concerns about your child's speech and language skills, call for a free phone consultation. If your child has multiple speech sound errors, how do you decide what to work on first?
ANSWER: #1-5 and MORE Learning to produce new speech sounds is hard work! Trying to work on too many things at once will make it more difficult for a child to master these new skills. Speech-language pathologists assess speech skills to understand the nature and severity of the child’s difficulties then prioritize what to work on first in therapy. The child’s age is a starting point, but it is also important to consider what will have the biggest impact on the child’s overall clarity. Some speech sounds occur more frequently than others (e.g., “r” is more common in English than “th”). Personal factors (like the sounds in the child’s name) should also be considered. If you have concerns about your child's speech and language skills, call for a free phone consultation. |